Variable resistors include Potentiometers, Rheostats and Trimmers that will be discussed in details in the following topics.
Variable resistors are electromechanical components and therefore exposed not only to the weaknesses of fixed resistors but also to all the failure possibilities of electromechanics. Thus the reliability is comparatively poor.
The total resistance seldom is critical and usually follows the European E3 series or 1-2-5-10 (USA).